Precision Cutting Stents with Fiber Lasers

From: 本站 Date: 11th March 2021 Author: admin Views: 2886

A CNC wood router will use 3D machining in relief carving, the effect is more artistic beauty, but also has a strong sense of three-dimensional 3D, realization of this function is to ...

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Last year in the our country alone, nearly 2 million stents were implanted in heart patients to help improve overall health as well as save patient lives. With so much riding on the effectiveness of these life-saving devices, stents demand the highest precision and quality control during manufacturing. To meet the medical industry’s stringent requirements, stent manufacturers have turned to fiber lasers as the primary choice for precision cutting stents. Selecting the right laser is critical to ensuring the highest quality stent cut, we would like to share the following background on how to choose the right laser for your stent cutting projects.


What is a stent?

In case you are new to the topic, a stent is a thin, flexible tube made of metal or polymer that is inserted into a blocked passageway, such as an artery, and inflated to keep it open. The stent acts as a barrier that pushes blockages like plaque against the passage’s walls to allow for the free flow of blood, or other fluids depending on the stent’s usage. Coronary stents are the most common type of stent.

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Advances in Stent Manufacturing

Coronary stents were granted FDA approval in 1987 and since then have come a long way. In the 1990s, stainless steel was the material of choice to create bare metal stents (BMS). Drug-eluting Stents (DES) were later introduced to combat potential side effects of early metallic stents. DES were coated with medication to prevent restenosis, a common side effect of Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI).
Today, the majority of metal stents are made with cobalt-chromium because this alloy maintains its strength with a thinner strut. Polymer stents are also increasing in popularity because of their biocompatibility.

Materials Used for Manufacturing Stents

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Metals

  • 316 Stainless Steel (SS 316): Chromium, nickel and molybdenum alloy

  • Nitinol (NiFi): Nickel and titanium alloy

  • Magnesium (Mg) Alloys

  • Platinum Chromium Alloy

Polymers

  • Poly-L-lactide

  • Polycaprolactone


What are the Biggest Challenges in Stent Cutting?

Geometry
Stents come in many shapes and sizes depending on their usage. No matter the destined application, all stents have a complex geometry that require a precise cutting technique.
Material Stents can be cut from a variety of different metal alloys and polymers. Each material poses a unique challenge for stent cutting. Manufacturers also have to consider biocompatibility.


Heat Damage

Laser cutting may have a minimal heat affected zone (HAZ), but manufacturers may need to account for additional processes to combat microcracks and other thermal damage that could occur with stent cutting.


Traceability

According to the FDA’s Title 21 CFR Part 11 requirements, manufacturers must maintain records of each step of the manufacturing process, including the cutting of stents.


Why are Fiber Lasers so Much More Effective in Stent Cutting?

High throughput, precision, wall-plug efficiency and repeatable results make fiber lasers the economical choice for stent cutting. Fiber lasers have a wider kerf, ideal for cutting spiral-patterned stents that require a kerf that is greater than 0.001” so the stent can flex correctly. Fiber lasers can also cut thicker walls with little taper.

Polymer and metal stents can be cut with hybrid femtosecond lasers. An ultrafast laser has extremely short pulse widths, which prevent heat damage when cutting stents. This in turn makes post-processing simple, using an ultrasonic bath and water instead of chemicals. Thin tubes with an outer diameter of 0.012” can be cut with a femtosecond laser without damaging the backside of the tube. Using an ultrafast laser provides users with unbeatable precision, offering a kerf of less than 0.0005”, which is ideal for sharp corners. While femtosecond lasers come at a higher cost, users may enjoy savings because ultrafast lasers require less argon gas.

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